Where, by reason of any portion of an assessee's salary being paid in arrears or in advance or by reason of his having received in any one financial year salary for more than twelve months or a payment which under the provisions of section 17(3) is a profit in lieu of salary, his income is assessed at a rate higher than that at which it would otherwise have been assessed, the relief to be granted under section 89 shall be as under:
(A) Where any portion of the Assessee's Salary is Received in Arrears or in Advance.
Step 1: Calculate the Tax Payable of the Previous Year in which the Arrears/ Advance Salary is Received on:
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Total Income inclusive of additional salary.
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Total Income exclusive of additional salary.
The difference between (a) and (b) is the tax on additional salary included in the total income.
Step 2: Calculate the Tax Payable of every Previous Year to which the Additional Salary relates :
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on total income including additional salary of that particular previous year.
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on total income excluding additional salary.
Calculate the difference between (a) and (b) for every previous year to which the additional salary relates and aggregate the same.
Step 3: The Excess between the Tax on Additional Salary as calculated under Step 1 and 2 shall be the Relief Admissible under Section 89.
If there is no excess, no relief is admissible. If the tax calculated in step 1 is less than tax calculated in step 2, the assessee need not apply for relief.
Example :
X is employed by A Ltd. For the previous year 2007-08 his taxable salary income is Rs. 2,30,000 (he has no other income). On Rs. 2,30,000, X has paid income-tax of Rs. 20,600. For the previous year 2018-19, his taxable income (after standard deduction) is Rs. 12,00,000.
Besides, on December 1, 2018, X has received arrears of bonus of Rs. 60,000 pertaining to the previous year 2007-08. This amount was not taxed in the previous year 2007-08, as there was a dispute with the management about calculation of bonus. In this case, Rs. 60,000 will be taxable along with Rs. 12,00,000 for the previous year 2018-19.
X can claim relief under section 89 in respect of arrears of bonus of Rs. 60,000 as follows –
| |
|
Previous Year 2007-08 |
Previous Year 2007-08 |
| (1) |
(2) |
Taxable income without including arrears of bonus |
|
2,30,000 |
12,00,000 |
| Tax on above income (including Education Cess) |
(A) |
20,600 |
1,79,400 |
| Taxable income after including Arrears of Bonus of Rs. 60,000 |
|
2,90,000 |
12,60,000 |
| Tax on above income (including Education Cess) |
(B) |
37,080 |
1,98,120 |
| Difference between (B) and (A) [ i.e. (B)-(A) ] |
(C) |
16,480 |
18,720 |
- In this case, relief under section 89 will be Rs. 2,240 (i.e., Rs. 18,720 – Rs. 16,480).
- If (C)(2) is less than (C)(1), relief under section 89 is not available.
|
|
(C) Where the payment is in the nature of Taxable Compensation Received from the Employer or former Employer at or in connection with the Termination of his Employment [Rule 21A(4)]:
Relief will be available only if the following conditions are satisfied:
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Compensation is received after continuous services of not less than 3 years.
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The unexpired portion of the term of employment is also not less than 3 years.
The procedure for calculating the relief is same as given in Case (a), above, i.e. gratuity paid to the employee in respect of services rendered for a period of 15 years or more.
(D) Where Payment is for Commutation of Pension [Rule 21A(5)]
The procedure for calculating the relief is same as given in case (a) of para (B) i.e. gratuity paid to the employee in respect of services rendered for a period of 15 years or more.
(E) Where the Payment is of a nature other than given under Rule 21A(2) to 21A(5) discussed above [Rule 21A(6)]
In these cases, the CBDT may, having regard to the circumstances of each case, allow such relief as it deems fit. |
